What term describes psychological strategies used to cope with reality, such as denial or rationalization?

The term that best describes psychological strategies used to cope with reality, such as denial or rationalization, is "Defense Mechanisms." These mechanisms are unconscious psychological strategies that individuals employ to protect themselves from anxiety and stress caused by overwhelming emotions or threatening thoughts. They help individuals navigate difficult situations by distorting or denying reality, enabling them to avoid or minimize psychological distress.

For example, denial is a defense mechanism that allows a person to reject the reality of a situation, acting as if it does not exist. Rationalization involves providing logical explanations for behaviors or feelings that may otherwise evoke guilt or anxiety. Both of these strategies serve a protective function, helping individuals maintain their psychological stability in the face of challenges.

In contrast, coping skills refer to conscious strategies that people use to handle stress and solve problems effectively, rather than the unconscious processes characterized by defense mechanisms. Social support relates to the assistance and comfort provided by others, which can help individuals cope but does not specifically involve psychological strategies. Behavioral adjustments involve changing one’s actions or responses to situations but are not categorized as psychological defenses like the mechanisms in question.